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1 Information Processing
The term "information processing" originated in the late fifties in the computer field as a general descriptive term that seemed somewhat less contingent and parochial than "computer science," which also came into use during the same period. Thus, it was the name of choice for two of the encompassing professional organizations formed at the time: the In ternational Federation of Information Processing Societies and the American Federation of Information Processing Societies. Although the transfer of the phrase from activities of computers to parallel activities of human beings undoubtedly occurred independently in a number of heads, the term was originally identified pretty closely with computer simulation of cognitive processes... ; that is, with the kind of effort from which arose the theory in this book. (Newell & Simon, 1972, p. 888)It was because the activities of the computer itself seemed in some ways akin to cognitive processes. Computers accept information, manipulate symbols, store items in "memory" and retrieve them again, classify inputs, recognize patterns and so on.... Indeed the assumptions that underlie most contemporary work on information processing are surprisingly like those of nineteenth century introspective psychology, though without introspection itself. (Neisser, 1976, pp. 5, 7)The processor was assumed to be rational, and attention was directed to the logical nature of problem solving strategies. The "mature western mind" was presumed to be one that, in abstracting knowledge from the idosyncracies of particular everyday experience, employed Aristotelian laws of logic. When applied to categories, this meant that to know a category was to have an abstracted clear-cut, necessary, and sufficient criteria for category membership. If other thought processes, such as imagery, ostensive definition, reasoning by analogy to particular instances, or the use of metaphors were considered at all, they were usually relegated to lesser beings such as women, children, primitive people, or even to nonhumans. (Rosch & Lloyd, 1978, p. 2)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Information Processing
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2 класифікувати інформацію
Українсько-англійський юридичний словник > класифікувати інформацію
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3 засекретить сведения
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4 засекречивать сведения
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5 информация информаци·я
information; (сообщение) report; (новости) news; (цифровая) dataвести сбор информации, собирать информацию — to collect / to gather information
выведывать информацию у кого-л. — to draw information from smb.
вымарывать / исключать (из документа и т.п.) не подлежащую оглашению информацию — to sanitize
давать / предоставлять информацию — to give / to provide / to furnish information
засекречивать информацию — to make information secret, to classify information амер.
обрабатывать информацию (в кибернетике) — to process information / data
опровергать информацию — to refute / disprove information
передавать информацию — to convey / to hand over information
получать информацию — to receive / to get / to gain / to obtain information
предоставлять информацию — to give / to provide / to furnish information
скрывать / утаивать информацию — to hold back / to keep back / to withhold information
военная информация — military information / data
квалифицированная / компетентная информация, информация, полученная от специалистов / экспертов — expert information
коммерческая информация — business data, commercial information
конфиденциальная информация — confidential information; tip-off разг.
новая информация (к сообщению в прессе, по радио и т.п.) — follow-up
новейшая / последняя информация — up-to-date / up-to-the minute information
патентная информация, информация, являющаяся собственностью фирмы (конструкторская, производственная, технологическая) — proprietary information
полная информация — complete / copious information
правдивая информация — true / truthful information
разведывательная информация — surveillance information, intelligence information / data
рекламная информация — advertizing information, publicity
секретная информация — secret / classified information; inside information амер.
поделиться секретной информацией — to spill / to hand (out) the dope
совершенно секретная информация — top-secret informafion; highly-classified information амер.
соответствующая действительности информация — reliable information, information reflecting the facts of reality
быстрый рост информации — information burst / explosion
информация из надёжных источников (для опубликования в газете без ссылки на эти источники) — dope story
информация, полученная из первых рук — first-hand information
информация, полученная с помощью спутников — sattelite information
главный / основной источник информации — prime source of information
обмен информацией — exchange of information; information exchanges
обработка информации — information handling / processing; (в кибернетике) data processing
органы / средства массовой информации (пресса, радио, телевидение) — mass media
работники органов массовой информации (печати, радио, телевидения и т.п.) — media men
поток информации — information flow, flow of information
Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > информация информаци·я
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6 сведение
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7 clasificar la información
• classify information• restrict informationDiccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > clasificar la información
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8 засекречувати
= засекретитиto make smth. secret, to classify as secret; to restrict; to hush upзасекречувати інформацію — to make information secret, to classify information
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9 засекретит сведения
1. classify information2. classifying informationРусско-английский большой базовый словарь > засекретит сведения
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10 засекречивать сведения
1. classify information2. classifying informationРусско-английский большой базовый словарь > засекречивать сведения
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11 конфиденциальные сведения
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > конфиденциальные сведения
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12 надежное сведение
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > надежное сведение
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13 статистические сведения
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > статистические сведения
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14 утаивать сведения
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > утаивать сведения
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15 суммарное сведение
Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > суммарное сведение
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16 сведение
Русско-английский словарь по информационным технологиям > сведение
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17 разглашение официальных сведений
Бизнес, юриспруденция. Русско-английский словарь > разглашение официальных сведений
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18 сообщать сведения
Бизнес, юриспруденция. Русско-английский словарь > сообщать сведения
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19 засекретит
Авиация и космонавтика. Русско-английский словарь > засекретит
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20 засекречувати інформацію
make information secret, classify informationУкраїнсько-англійський юридичний словник > засекречувати інформацію
См. также в других словарях:
classify — v. 1) (D; tr.) to classify according to (the children were classified according to age) 2) (U; tr.) to classify among, with 3) (D; tr.) to classify as (she was classified as fit for service) 4) (D; tr.) to classify by (to classify books by… … Combinatory dictionary
information — n. 1) to furnish, give, offer, provide information 2) to collect, dig up, find, gather; extract information 3) to classify information 4) to divulge, leak information 5) to declassify information 6) to feed information (into a computer) 7) to… … Combinatory dictionary
Information Awareness Office — seal The Information Awareness Office (IAO) was established by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in January 2002 to bring together several DARPA projects focused on applying surveillance and information technology to track and … Wikipedia
Information industry — or information industries is a loosely defined term for industries that are information intensive in one way or the other. It is considered one of the most important economic sectors for a variety of reasons. There are many different kinds of… … Wikipedia
classify — ► VERB (classifies, classified) 1) arrange (a group) in classes according to shared characteristics. 2) assign to a particular class or category. 3) designate (documents or information) as officially secret. DERIVATIVES classifiable adjective… … English terms dictionary
Information Harvesting — (IH) was an early data mining product from the 1990s. It was invented by Ralphe Wiggins and produced by the Ryan Corp, later Information Harvesting Inc., of Cambridge, Massachusetts. IH sought to infer rules from sets of data. It did this first… … Wikipedia
classify */*/ — UK [ˈklæsɪfaɪ] / US [ˈklæsɪˌfaɪ] verb [transitive] Word forms classify : present tense I/you/we/they classify he/she/it classifies present participle classifying past tense classified past participle classified 1) a) to put people or things into… … English dictionary
classify — clas|si|fy [ klæsı,faı ] verb transitive ** 1. ) to put people or things into particular groups according to the features that they have: classify someone/something according to something: In the study families are classified according to their… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
Information science — Not to be confused with Information theory. Contents 1 Introduction 2 A multitude of information sciences? 3 Definitions of information science 4 History … Wikipedia
information processing — Acquisition, recording, organization, retrieval, display, and dissemination of information. Today the term usually refers to computer based operations. Information processing consists of locating and capturing information, using software to… … Universalium
classify — verb a) To identify by or divide into classes; to categorize Should we classify make up as an idiom or as a phrasal verb? b) To declare something a … Wiktionary